(摘抄自周兴明老前辈丝路天文)
1998年6月11日,“国际天文联合会”发布了IAU第6986号通告,宣布一项称为“埃格·威尔逊奖”(Edgar Wilson Award)的彗星发现奖励基金正式设立,并于当天开始实施。该奖励基金的设立,旨在鼓励业余观测者寻找发现新彗星。今后,凡是业余发现彗星的,除了可以用自己的名字命名外,还有可能获得一笔美元现金的奖励。
该奖励基金规定,以每年6月11日世界时零时为一个颁奖期限(一年)的起止日期,在每一期限内,利用目视、拍摄和电子方法,并使用业余级观测仪器发现新彗星者,将获得被推荐获奖资格。发现者必须提供记录:(1)其本人有足够的观测能力和技巧,并非在别人的帮助下,独立寻找到新彗星并被正式命名;(2)发现新彗星所使用的仪器必须属于业余级并为私人所拥有。如果在该年度内没有合格的获奖者,那么奖金将颁发给在彗星观测和研究领域内做出重要贡献的业余观测者。每一期限的奖励总额为2万美元,以获得资格的彗星颗数为份额,平分后再分给该彗星的各发现者。
该奖励基金由美国肯塔基州里星敦的Will of Edgar Wilson 提供,收款人是美国史密森天体物理天文台IAU辖下的CBAT和“小天体命名委员会”共同负责管理基金和推荐合格获奖者。为公平起见,SAO的所有职员,CBAT和SBNC的成员,以及他们的家属均不会被推荐获奖。该奖励基金不分国籍种族,只要符合CBAT规定的获奖资格,就可以在该年度结束后取得奖励。
以下虚拟一个例子,以助理解。
公元2028年,有13颗新彗星被发现:
1、C/2028C1(Papathanassiou):专业人员,专业仪器发现;
2、C/2028F1(Oldfield):爱好者使用业余级仪器发现;
3、C/2028F2(Lennon、McCartney):两位爱好者使用业余级仪器各自独立发现;
4、C/2028G1(Harrison、Starr):两位爱好者使用业余级仪器合作发现;
5、P/2028K1(Sonoflinear):专业发现,使用专业级仪器;
6、C/2028L1(Papathanassiou):专业人员肉眼发现,完全的业余能力;
7、C/2028M2(Oldfield):爱好者使用业余级仪器发现;
8、P/2028O1(Hail、Caesar):一位爱好者使用业余级仪器,一位专业者使用专业级仪器各自独立发现;
9、C/2028S2(Jarre):爱好者在帕洛玛天文台发现;
10、C/2028T1(Harrison):爱好者在帕洛玛天文台使用1.5米望远镜发现;
11、C/2028U1(Harrison、Clapton):爱好者与专业者共同使用专业级仪器发现;
12、C/2028U2(Harrison、Clapton):爱好者与专业者共同使用业余级仪器发现;
13、C/2028X3(Starr):爱好者使用业余级仪器发现。
说明:C/2028G1的发现是两位爱好者在一起使用业余仪器共同发现,有资格共同获得一个份额的奖金;虽然Papathanassiou是一位专业人员,但他发现C/2028L1并非使用专业级仪器,而是属于业余级的肉眼,有资格获得一个份额;P/2028O1的发现者之一Hail是位爱好者使用业余级仪器发现,有资格获奖,而另一位发现者Caesar是专业人员使用专业级仪器,无资格获奖;C/2028S2的发现者虽然是爱好者,但没有资格获奖,原因是用于发现彗星的资讯有由帕洛玛台的人准备的疑问存在;C/2028U1不能获奖,因使用的是专业级仪器;C/2028U2有入选资格,但只有一个份额,两位发现者平分。如下表所示:
发现彗星的颗数计算的份额 | 发现者得奖的份额 | ||
C/2028C1 | 0 | Oldfield | 2=1+1 |
C/2028F1 | 1 | Starr | 1.5=0.5+1 |
C/2028F2 | 1+1 | McCartney | 1=1 |
C/2028G1 | 0.5+0.5 | Harrison | 1=0.5+0+0+0.5 |
P/2028K1 | 0 | Lennon | 1=1 |
C/2028L1 | 1 | Papathanassiou | 1=0+1 |
C/2028M2 | 1 | Hail | 1=1 |
P/2028O1 | 1+0 | Clapton | 0.5=0+0.5 |
C/2028S2 | 0 | Sonoflinear | 0=0 |
C/2028T1 | 0 | Caesar | 0=0 |
C/2028U1 | 0+0 | Jarre | 0=0 |
C/2028U2 | 0.5+0.5 | 总份数:9 | |
C/2028X3 | 1 | ||
份数总数:9 |
假如奖金总数额为2万美元,则每份额(20000/9)为2222美元。Oldfield得4444美元;Starr得3333美元;Clapton得1111美元,以下类推。
国内获奖者一共六位,张大庆,扬光宇,高兴(3次),陈韬,杨睿,孙国佑
2002年度埃格·威尔逊奖 张大庆
2008年度埃格·威尔逊奖 陈韬 高兴
2010年度埃格·威尔逊奖 杨睿 高兴
2015年度埃格·威尔逊奖 孙国佑 高兴
历届埃格·威尔逊奖获奖名单
2016
2015
2014
- Terry Lovejoy, Australia (C/2013 R1)
- Michael Schwartz, U.S.A. (P/2013 T2 and C/2014 B1)
- Paolo Holvorcem, Brazil (C/2013 U2)
- Gennadii Borisov, Russia (C/2013 V2)
- Vitali Nevski, Russia (P/2013 V3)
- Cristovao Jacques, Brazil (C/2014 E2)
- Borisov (special Award for comet C/2013 N4, which was found in professional capacity)
- Michel Ory, Switzerland (special Award for C/2013 V5, which was named Oukaimeden)
- Jacques, Eduardo Pimental, and Joao Barros (special Award for C/2014 A4, which was named SONEAR)
- Matthias Busch and Rafal Reszelewski (special Award for C/2014 C1, which was named TOTAS)
- Holvorcem and Schwartz (special Award for C/2014 F2, which was named Tenagra)
2013
- Tomas Vorobjov, Slovak Republic (P/2012 T7)
- Paulo Holvorcem, Brazil (C/2013 D1)
- Masayuki Iwamoto, Japan (C/2013 E2)
- Claudine Rinner, France (special award for finding three comets named “MOSS”)
- Michael Schwartz, AZ, USA (special award for finding several comets named “Tenagra”)
- Vitali Nevski and Artyom Novichonok, Russia (special award for finding C/2012 S1)
2012
- Leonid Elenin, Russia (P/2011 NO_1)
- Artyom O. Novichonok and Vladimir V. Gerke, Russia (P/2011 R3)
- Claudine Rinner, France (P/2011 W2)
- Terry Lovejoy, Australia (C/2011 W3)
- Manfred Bruenjes, MO, USA (C/2012 C2)
2011
- Kaoru Ikeya and Shigeki Murakami, Japan (P/2010 V1)
- Leonid Elenin, Russia (C/2010 X1)
- Michael Schwartz, AZ, USA; and Paulo Holvorcem, Brazil (C/2011 K1)
2010
- Rui Yang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; and Xing Gao, Urumqi, Xinjiang province, China (P/2009 L2)
- Don Machholz, Colfax, CA, U.S.A. (C/2010 F4)
- Jan Vales, Idrija, Slovenia (P/2010 H2)
2009
- Robert E. Holmes, Jr., Charleston, IL, U.S.A. (C/2008 N1)
- Stanislav Maticic, Crni Vrh Observatory, Slovenia (C/2008 Q1)
- Michel Ory, Delemont, Switzerland (P/2008 Q2)
- Koichi Itagaki, Yamagata, Japan (C/2009 E1)
- Dae-am Yi, Yeongwol-kun, Gangwon-do, Korea (C/2009 F6)
2008
- Tao Chen, Suzhou City, Jiangsu province, China; and Xing Gao, Urumqi, Xinjiang province, China (C/2008 C1).
2007
- John Broughton, Reedy Creek, Qld., Australia (C/2006 OF2)
- David H. Levy, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A. (P/2006 T1)
- Terry Lovejoy, Thornlands, Qld., Australia (C/2007 E2 and C/2007 K5)
2006
- Charles Wilson Juels, Fountain Hills, AZ, U.S.A.;
and Paulo R. C. Holvorcem, Campinas, Brazil (C/2005 N1) - John Broughton, Reedy Creek, Qld., Australia (P/2005 T5)
2005
- Roy A. Tucker, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A. (C/2004 Q1)
- Donald Edward Machholz, Jr., Colfax, CA, U.S.A. (C/2004 Q2)
2004
- Vello Tabur, Wanniassa, A.C.T., Australia (C/2003 T3)
- William A. Bradfield, Yankalilla, S. Australia (C/2004 F4)
2003
- Sebastian Florian Hoenig, Dossenheim or Heidelberg, Germany (C/2002 O4)
- Tetuo Kudo, Nishi Goshi, Kikuchi, Kumamoto, Japan (C/2002 X5)
- Shigehisa Fujikawa, Oonohara, Kagawa, Japan (C/2002 X5)
- Charles Wilson Juels, Fountain Hills, AZ, U.S.A.;
and Paulo R. Holvorcem, Campinas, Brazil (C/2002 Y1)
2002
- Vance Avery Petriew, Regina, SK, Canada (P/2001 Q2)
- William Kwong Yeung, Benson, AZ, U.S.A. (P/2002 BV)
- Kaoru Ikeya, Mori, Shuchi, Shizuoka, Japan (C/2002 C1)
- Daqing Zhang, Kaifeng, Henan province, China (C/2002 C1)
- Douglas Snyder, Palominas, AZ, U.S.A. (C/2002 E2)
- Shigeki Murakami, Matsunoyama, Niigata, Japan (C/2002 E2)
- Syogo Utsunomiya, Minami-Oguni, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan (C/2002 F1)
2001
- Albert F. A. L. Jones, Stoke, Nelson, New Zealand (C/2000 W1)
- Syogo Utsunomiya, Minami-Oguni, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan (C/2000 W1)
2000
- Daniel W. Lynn, Kinglake West, Victoria, Australia (C/1999 N2)
- Korado Korlevic, Visnjan, Croatia (P/1999 WJ7)
- Gary Hug and Graham E. Bell, Eskridge, KS, U.S.A. (P/1999 X1)
1999
- Peter Williams, Heathcote, N.S.W., Australia (C/1998 P1)
- Roy A. Tucker, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A. (P/1998 QP54)
- Michael Jaeger, Weissenkirchen i.d. Wachau, Austria (P/1998 U3)
- Justin Tilbrook, Clare, S. Australia (C/1999 A1)
- Korado Korlevic and Mario Juric, Visnjan, Croatia (P/1999 DN3)
- Steven Lee, Coonabarabran, N.S.W., Australia (C/1999 H1)